The Teacher and the Student

Some great quotes to live by…..

… so, I’m in a philosophical frame of mind these days and for the rest of 2016, my posts will highlight famous philosophical quotes and the philosophers who said them. This month (September), the focus will be on some of the greatest ancient Greek philosophers whose influence and thinking have transcended the passage of time.

PLATO & ARISTOTLE

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Plato (left) and Aristotle (right) – School of Athens

Some famous quotes by “The Teacher” — Plato:

“Be kind, for everyone you meet is fighting a harder battle.” 

“In politics we presume that everyone who knows how to get votes knows how to administer a city or a state. When we are ill… we do not ask for the handsomest physician, or the most eloquent one.” 

“Wise men speak because they have something to say; fools because they have to say something.” 

Plato  (427—347 BCE) was born in Athens,  of Athenian nobility. He was the devout and most brilliant student of Socrates, and they became close friends. After the death of Socrates, Plato turned his back on Athenian politics. His most productive works were written in the course of three voyages to Sicily. He began to write the dialogues (writing in the form of conversation) ad this became the foundation of his philosophical teachings. Upon returning to Athens, he founded the Academy – the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. Aristotle became one of his star pupils and closest associate.

Perhaps the most influential philosopher of all time, Plato is known for his usage of dialectic – a discussion of ideas and insights into the nature of reality. And his philosophy espoused cognitive optimism – a belief in the capacity of the human mind to seek and attain the truth, and to use this truth for the rational and virtuous management of  life and government. He believed that all the conflicting elements in society could (and should) be harmonized. Each of these elements will flourish when they coexist in harmony.  The existence of such a balanced society is impossible without virtue.

Plato’s Academy remained in existence for another thousand years. Centuries after his death, his philosophical system resurfaced as  Neoplatonism.

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Some famous quotes by “The Student” — Aristotle:

“Happiness is the meaning and the purpose of life, the whole aim and end of human existence.” 

“Excellence is never an accident. It is always the result of high intention, sincere effort, and intelligent execution; it represents the wise choice of many alternatives – choice, not chance, determines your destiny.” 

“He who has overcome his fears will truly be free.” 

Aristotle (384—322 BCE) was born in Stagira (northern Greece). He was the son of Nichomachus –court physician to the Macedonian royal family. Trained first in medicine, he then later went on to study philosophy with Plato (in Athens). Aristotle was a brilliant student, so much so that he questioned some of Plato’s teachings. After  Plato died, Aristotle was not appointed head of the Academy. and so he left Athens for the islands. In 338 B.C.E., he returned to Macedonia to tutor Alexander the Great. When Alexander conquered Athens, Aristotle went there to set up a school of his own, known as The Lyceum. After the death of Alexander the Great, Aristotle opposed Macedonian rule and his rebellion nearly cost him his death. He fled to the island of Euboea, where he later died.

It is believed that Aristotle’s body of written work included as many as 150 philosophical treatises – of which 30 survived. From biology and physics to morals, aesthetics and politics, he wrote prolifically. Although his teacher (Plato) believed ultimate reality was found in ideas or eternal forms, Aristotle saw ultimate reality in physical objects, through experience. But what really distinguished Aristotle from other ancient, medieval and modern philosophers was that, according to him, the universe never had a beginning or an end. It was eternal.  He also believed that change was cyclical. In the Middle Ages, Aristotle’s philosophy was adopted and fused into Christian doctrine, forming a philosophical system known as Scholasticism. Indeed, the Roman Catholic Church embraced Aristotelian thought as its official philosophy.

And the rest, as they say, is history.

READ SOME OF THEIR MOST FAMOUS WORKS:

The Trial and Death of Socrates, by Plato

The Republic, by Plato

Apology, by Plato

Politics, by Aristotle

The Neomachian Ethics, by Aristotle

Metaphysics, by Aristotle

Leading by Example: Teachers who inspire their students to think

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There are many good teachers who do what they’re hired to do — they teach.  But then there are the teachers who elevate their profession to the next level.  These are the teachers who inspire.  They bring their own experiences and wisdom to the classroom and, rather than telling their students what to do (and how to do it), they teach them how to think.  They teach them to ask questions, and to search for their own answers. They teach them to be present, engaged, and aware. Leading by their own example, these teachers inspire their young charges to go out into the world and pay it forward, by inspiring and empowering others.

These are the teachers who treat their classroom like a garden in the making. They plant the seeds. They nurture the garden, recognizing and appreciating the unique nature of each flower. Then, they stand back and watch with wonder, as the garden takes on a shape and character of its own.

It is this brand of high caliber teachers who we, as adults remember with fondness, respect and profound gratitude… years, and even decades later.

I can count my most inspirational teachers on one hand.  There were five.  These men and women, unbeknownst to them, had a great impact on my life.

And, yes, I am going to name names.

In elementary school (Grade 6):  Philip Ploplis, of Lithuanian descent, had just graduated from Teacher’s College.  We were his very first students and he was our Homeroom teacher.  He treated us as a classroom of individuals and spent considerable one-on-one time with us, in an effort to bring out the best in each student.  He wanted to prepare us for high school and beyond.  He knew our weaknesses and our strengths.  He was one of the few adults who actually cared about what we thought, what we dreamed of doing, and he took great pains to guide us in the right direction, so that our interests could take shape.  Thank you, Mr. Ploplis.

In high school:  Barbara Friand, an ex-nun and free-thinker, was my Humanities teacher.  She taught us to embrace diversity, to open up our minds, and to recognize that there were infinite possibilities.  She taught us hope, respect, and she taught us how to listen — to each other and to ourselves.  Most importantly, she taught us to understand — with complete certainty — that although each of us is different, we are, in fact, all the same.  We are humans. This woman leads my list of five inspirational teachers.  I would have loved to have known her in my adult years.  Oh, the interesting conversations we would have had!  Miss Friand, from the bottom of my heart, I thank you.

In college:  Victor Garaway, a professional  dancer from South Africa, taught us theatre.  At this time in my life, I was actually quite shy and quiet. He was a mercurial teacher who intimidated most students, but not me.  I realized that his Svengali-like method of teaching had one objective:  to dare us to excel and to weed out the ones who didn’t even want to bother.  It is in his class that I finally found my voice.  And I’ve been speaking ever since.  Thank you, Professor Garaway.

In university:  John Hellman, a quiet but passionate intellectual, taught me history.  Specifically, the history of European intellectual thought.  More specifically, he opened my mind (and heart) to the world of 20th century French intellectuals like Jean-Paul Sartre, Emmanuel Mounier, Albert Camus, Simone Weil, and Simone de Beauvoir.  This is the world I feel most comfortable in … a generation of philosophical thinkers who, in turn, have had a major influence on the way I think, on how I view the world.  Merci infiniment, Prof. Hellman.

Finally, in Graduate school:  Linda Ghan, a quiet yet intense writer and author, taught me to write better. In her creative writing class, students dissected their work — amicably.  The objective was to embrace our individual writing styles, but  fine-tune  our skills. She shared her wisdom and knowledge with us and, with her guidance, we learned the important art of self-editing.  It truly is an art.  Clearly, I haven’t mastered it yet.  It’s a work in progress. Thank you, Linda.

These are the teachers who most inspired me. 

Who has inspired you?  Share your stories with us!

On a different note (perhaps not so different, as Barbara Friand would probably say), I came across an interesting website that provides information and classroom materials for teachers to teach their students about important world issues like hunger and peace.  Interested teachers and parents should check out The Hunger Site at:

http://thehungersite.greatergood.com/clickToGive/ths/teacher-resources

It’s Day 3 of my Help Fight Hunger  book promotion. Hope springs eternal.

HFH

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Image via theguardian (photo credit: Alamy).